{"id":256,"date":"2020-12-28T14:03:05","date_gmt":"2020-12-28T20:03:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.northlat.biz\/?page_id=256"},"modified":"2020-12-28T14:03:11","modified_gmt":"2020-12-28T20:03:11","slug":"arts-china-chronology","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.nesse.org\/index.php\/home\/art-and-dorothy-nesse-in-memory\/art-nesses-web\/china-index\/arts-china-chronology\/","title":{"rendered":"Art’s China Chronology"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Time Period<\/th>Description<\/th>Comment<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
200 BC<\/td>China united under Chin  (Qin) dynasty <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1842<\/td>Treaty of Nanking ends Opium War <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1851-1864 <\/td>“Taiping Rebellion\u201d  Suppressed by Manchus with help from the west. <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1881<\/td>Danielle and Hans born in Bremnes, Finaas, Norway (Island near Bergen)<\/td>Were school classmates<\/td><\/tr>
1898-1909 <\/td>Hans to US, carpenter, Great Lakes Seaman, college and seminary <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1898<\/td>Hans Immigrated to US at age 16 to Chicago, IL<\/td>There was no work for him in Norway<\/td><\/tr>
~ 1889-1904<\/td>Worked as a carpenter<\/td>Paul Ekle was a Norwegian man who befriended Hans. Paul was a carpenter<\/td><\/tr>
~ 1898-1904<\/td>Worked as a steward in the Great Lakes Steamer lines<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
~ 1904-1906<\/td>Graduated HS Pleasant View Academy in Ottawa, IL<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
~1907-1910<\/td>Attended Luther Seminary in St. Paul, MN and was ordained<\/td>listed in the 1910 census as a student<\/td><\/tr>
1910<\/td>Was “sponsored” by a Lutheran Church in Winnebago, IL<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
1899\u00a0<\/td>US \u201cOpen Door\u201d policy <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1900<\/td>Boxer anti-foreign rebellion <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1902<\/td>Missionary interests buy large tract  on Kikung for summer retreat <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1909<\/td>\u201cSister\u201d Danielle accepts Norwegian Missionary Society call to China as a nurse in Yiyang (on the Yangtze River)<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1910<\/td>Hans accepts call to China from the Norwegian Lutheran Church of America <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1911<\/td>Manchu Dynasty overthrown <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1910 – 1913<\/td>Hans has orientation to Chinese Language, mission Work and preaching centered in Xinyang<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1913<\/td>Hans and Danielle, without intervening contact, meet on Jigong after 11 years separation <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1913<\/td>Hans and Danielle married on Jigong<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1913 – 1922<\/td>Hans and Danielle built Suiping Mission\/Church\/School<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1914<\/td>ASK \u201cAmerican School Kikungshan\u201d established as school for missionary children <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1915<\/td>Gerhard Nesse born <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1917<\/td>Henry Nesse born <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1918<\/td>Nesse Family has a furlough to US via Norway<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1922<\/td>Arthur Nesse born at Mission Hospital Kioshan, Honan<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1922 – 1924<\/td>Hans no longer in charge of Suiping Mission but they still lived there<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1924<\/td>Hans and Danielle moved to Xinyang<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1927<\/td>Civil War — Foreigners evacuated China and Chiang took over and unified China under Kuomingtang\u201d Nesse family to US via Russia and Norway.<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1928<\/td>Chiang renews China\u2019s relations with the West \u2013 Business and missionaries return<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1931<\/td>Marco Polo bridge \u201cincident\u201d Japan takes over Manchuria – continues conquest to south<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1932<\/td>Danielle dies in Xinyang, buried on Jigong.<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1932<\/td>Summer trip to US at Hans expense.  Gerhard and Henry stay in US: school at Waldorf Academy and College, Iowa.  Art returns to school at ASK moved to Kuling because Kikung \u201cunsafe\u201d due to communists<\/td>Gerhardt needed to be in US (for immigration purposes) before he turned 18 for citizenship<\/td><\/tr>
1934-1945 <\/td>\u201cLong March\u201d  Communists, defeated by Chiang, retreat from South China to remote Shanxi <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1936<\/td>Hans had regular furlough in Northfield, MN; GN to St. O last year, HN enters St. O: AN has 1st yr. HS at Northf’l high<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1937<\/td>Art moves to North Dakota to family of uncle: Hans returns to Xinyang<\/td>Hans now has no family living in China<\/td><\/tr>
1937<\/td>Japan-China war starts \u2013 Chiang forces to Chungking, Communists to Yunnan and make phony alliance vs. Japan U.S. helps China. War become a subset of WW II continues through 1945<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1941<\/td>Pearl Harbor, China a U.S. ally<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1942-1945 <\/td>Hans \u201cinterned\u201d by Japanese in Wuhan. Writes \u201cUnder Japan\u2019s New Order\u201d<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1946<\/td>Hans returns to US<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1947<\/td>“Under Nippon’s New Order” is published. Art typed and edited.<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1948<\/td>Hans returns to China and resumes work in Xinyang<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1945-1949 <\/td>Communists defeat Nationalists who retreat to Taiwan <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1951<\/td>Hans expelled by Communists \u2013 documents \u201cnegotiations\u201d Dies in Norway en route from China to US<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1951-1953 <\/td>Communists purge propertied classes, 5-10 million killed, redistribute land to peasants <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1957-1958 <\/td>\u201cGreat Leap Forward\u201d farm collectivization and industrialization, 20 million starve <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1966- 1969<\/td>\u201cCultural Revolution\u201d destroys historical artifacts, educational institutions etc.<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1972<\/td>Nixon visits China to initiate cultural, diplomatic and business relations <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1976<\/td>Mao and Chou die <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1979<\/td>China-US relations \u201cnormalized\u201d.  Communists adopted a “standard language”, (Mandarin) for all china. Pinyin replaced Wade Giles for English-Chinese <\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1981<\/td>Deng becomes China\u2019s premiere \u2013 begins rapprochement with Western powers.<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
mid 1980s<\/td>China opens to Foreign contact and tourism<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
1987<\/td>Art returns to China: Visits home area<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
199XXX<\/td>Memorial Moongate dedication; dedicated at site of Kikung cemetery; place of Danielle’s grave<\/td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Time Period Description Comment 200 BC China united under Chin  (Qin) dynasty  1842 Treaty of Nanking ends Opium War  1851-1864  “Taiping Rebellion\u201d  Suppressed by Manchus with help from the west.  1881 Danielle and Hans born in Bremnes, Finaas, Norway (Island near Bergen) Were school classmates 1898-1909  Hans to US, carpenter, Great Lakes Seaman, college and… Continue reading Art’s China Chronology<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":165,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nesse.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/256"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nesse.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nesse.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nesse.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nesse.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=256"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.nesse.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":261,"href":"https:\/\/www.nesse.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/256\/revisions\/261"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nesse.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nesse.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}